DENCAL – CALCIUM

Calcium: A Vital Mineral for Cattle Health and Productivity

Calcium is an essential mineral that plays a pivotal role in the overall health and productivity of cattle. It is the primary structural component of bones, providing strength and rigidity to the skeleton. Calcium is also crucial for muscle function, nerve transmission, blood clotting, and enzyme activity. Adequate calcium intake is essential for cattle to achieve optimal growth, maintain bone density, support muscle function, and produce high-quality milk.

Physiological Functions of Calcium in Cattle

• Bone Health: Calcium is the primary constituent of bone matrix, providing the structural framework that supports the body and enables locomotion. Adequate calcium intake throughout the life cycle of cattle is essential for maintaining bone density, preventing osteoporosis, and ensuring optimal bone health.

• Muscle Function: Calcium is involved in the excitation-contraction coupling process of muscle cells, enabling muscles to contract and relax efficiently. It also plays a role in regulating muscle tone and preventing cramps, which are crucial for grazing, standing postures, and overall mobility.

• Milk Production: Calcium is a critical component of milk solids, contributing to milk quality and production efficiency. Lactating cows require a higher calcium intake to support milk production and maintain their own calcium balance.

• Nerve Transmission: Calcium acts as a messenger molecule in the nervous system, enabling nerve cells to communicate and transmit signals throughout the body. It is essential for sensory perception, motor function, and cognitive processes in cattle.

Dietary Sources of Calcium for Cattle

Calcium can be obtained from various feedstuffs, including:

• Forages: Legumes, such as alfalfa and clover, are rich sources of calcium. Grasses, such as switchgrass and bromegrass, also contain moderate amounts of calcium.

• Grains: Corn, oats, and barley contain moderate amounts of calcium.

• Mineral Supplements: Commercial mineral mixes and calcium supplements can be provided to ensure adequate calcium intake, particularly during periods of high demand, such as lactation.

• Calcareous Rocks: Ground limestone and other calcareous rocks can be added to cattle feed as a source of calcium carbonate.